Mr Kabore, a 58-year-old former banker and prime minister, was once a faithful ally of Mr Compaore so some will see his victory as a continuation of the former regime.
However, many agree that during his brief stay in the opposition - which was less than two years - he won the hearts of the people of Burkina Faso by fiercely campaigning against Mr Compaore's bid to change the constitution and run for a third term.
Along with civil society groups, the party Mr Kabore formed after breaking away from Mr Compare was the driving force behind the popular protests which forced the then-ruler out of office.
As prime minister, his main goal for the next five years will be to consolidate democracy and, equally importantly, help end the economic crisis in one of the world's poorest nations.
On Sunday, long queues were reported outside many polling stations.
Security was tight with up to 25,000 troops and police deployed across the country. Foreign observers oversaw the poll.
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